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Effects of three variables on callus initiation and plant regeneration in sugarcane were studied in two experiments using a factorial experiment based
on complete randomized design with three replicaions. For callus initiation, explants from young leaf tissue and apical meristem of three sugarcane
cultivars. CP4X. CP57, and NCO 310 were excised and placed on four modified Murashinge and Skoog medium (MS-C) named MS3-0, MS3-1,
MS2-0, and MS2-1. In the first experiment, statistical analysis snowed that the leaf explant as compared with apical meristem explant took less time to
initiate callus. Number of days to callus initiation (NDCI) from leaf explant was lowest for cultivars CP48, and CP57 (with the mean of 11 days) and
MS3-0 and MS3-1 culture media. There was significant interaction between genotype and media regarding NDCL Callus volume was found to be larger
for leaf rather than apical meristem explant. In the plant regeneration study, calluses from the above cultivars were transferred to three regeneration media
including MS, MS5, and MS-D + SH. Analysis of variance on percent shoot and root regeneration showed significant interaction between explants, media,
and cultivars. Leaf explant of cultivar L62-96 produced the highest percent of
shoot production and that of cultivar CP48 produced the lowest percent in all mediaIn Summary, it was concluded that both callus intiation and plant regeneration in sugarcane were substantially affected by all three variables and
that in most cases, there was significant interaction betwwen the variables.