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To study relationship between yield and its components in landrace populations of wheat from western part of Iran, 467 morphotypes were selected and planted in 1995 in Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Agriculture, Karaj, Iran. Each morphotype was planted in five meter row, with 50 spacing between the rows and 5 cm between plants. Karaj 1 and Falat varieties were planted after every 23 rows as checks. Statistical analysis including one way analysis of variance to test uniformity of soil, simple correlation coefficients, maximum and minimum values, phenotypic coefficient of variation for the traits, stepwise regression for yield, biological yield and yield per stem, factor and path coefficient analyses were applied. In factor analysis seven factors accounted for 78.2% of the data variation. Factors, representing patterns of variables interpreted as flag leaf character, peduncle character, yield, time (maturity period), assimilate transition capacity, spike character and vegetative growth period were extracted. Path coefficient analysis for grain yield also showed that maximum direct effect belongs to vegetative growth rate (4.772) and harvest index (1.732). The analysis showed that these two characters were accounted for as important characteristics in relation to grain yield.